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Was Factionalism Responsible for the Fall of Chinese Dynasties?

Eric
12 Nov 2015
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Eric
12 Nov 2015
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Factionalism was responsible for the fall of China's dynasties

Factionalism was responsible for the fall of China's dynasties.

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Test Statements for Probability Testing
Refutations - CON To Topic
1
Proofs - PRO to Topic
Refutations - CON to Topic
Test Statements for Probability Testing

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green tick
Tentatively Established
Outside of Quora Thread: An Lushan >100 years before the fall of Tang Dynasty
Factionalism was irrelevant compared to other factors
Timeline for China to 1700
Outside of Quora Thread: An Lushan >100 years before the fall of Tang Dynasty
Link to Original Quora Thread that was basis for this diagram
Factionalism was responsible for the fall of China's dynasties
Factionalism was a factor in the fall of the Tang Dynasty
Factionalism was a factor in the fall of the Song Dynasty
Factionalism was a factor in the fall of the Ming Dynasty
An-Lushan rebellion weakened the central bureaucracy
Needs support/cites. The average person was screwed in China from at least 1000AD till 1950.
However, having looked at the Quora thread, I agree there's none there either.
The average person's dissatisfaction and poor living conditions were better predictors of the fall of a dynasty
This appears to be a frequent occurence in Quora's history section
Sustained infighting and factions in the emperor's court
Wikipedia article on the Song (linked to in Quora thread)
Factionalism weakened the dynasty at a critical point
Wikipedia article on the Ming Dynasty (linked to in thread)


The An Lushan Rebellion took place over a hundred years before the end of the Tang Dynasty. Though it weakened the dynasty considerably for many years, it may not be the best example of factionalism being responsible for the fall of a dynasty, as it's very removed in time from the fall. 


Factionalism was irrelevant compared to other factors


http://www.indiana.edu/~e232/Time1.html  See "Tang Dynasty" section under "Mid/Later-Imperial Era."



The An Lushan Rebellion took place over a hundred years before the end of the Tang Dynasty. Though it weakened the dynasty considerably for many years, it may not be the best example of factionalism being responsible for the fall of a dynasty, as it's very removed in time from the fall. 


http://www.quora.com/Has-factionalism-been-responsible-for-the-fall-of-Chinese-dynasties-as-the-Chinese-Communist-Party-has-claimed  

This diagram is a transcription of a Quora thread, to compare collaboration to independent answers. I chose this topic because it had a manageable scope and specific arguments. Of course, the arguments added to Quora were not created to be part of a collaboration so it would be possible to extend this diagram in various ways, now that it is put together as a collaboration. 


Factionalism was responsible for the fall of China's dynasties.



Factionalism was a factor in the fall of the Song Dynasty




China had a lower per capita income in 1950 than it did in 1000AD, and during almost all of that period it was ruled by a meritocracy selected by exam and raised by a process design to instill civic virtue. (source: Matt Ridley's The Rational Opitimist, citing a report from OECD or World Bank or some such source.) They had no interest in progress that might displace the status quo. When somebody had a new invention, they buried the invention and cut off his head, if he was lucky.




It's likely that many of the answers are truthful, but many, even the most information-filled ones, seem to lack citations. History Example 1: https://www.quora.com/Why-didnt-China-break-out-into-smaller-nations-and-remain-so-like-Europe-today-during-its-long-history-What-is-the-difference-between-the-two  Coincidentally also about China, this topic has quite a few responses, some with large numbers of upvotes. The two top answers currently, https://www.quora.com/Why-didnt-China-break-out-into-smaller-nations-and-remain-so-like-Europe-today-during-its-long-history-What-is-the-difference-between-the-two/answer/Rohit-Patnaik-1  and https://www.quora.com/Why-didnt-China-break-out-into-smaller-nations-and-remain-so-like-Europe-today-during-its-long-history-What-is-the-difference-between-the-two/answer/Anthony-Tauro , apart from a few graphics, haven't cited their sources of information. History example 2: https://www.quora.com/Was-it-ever-possible-for-Germany-to-win-World-War-II  While a couple of the answers cite wikipedia, most make assertions without links to historical documents or otherwise. Looking at the History feed has similar results.



https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Song_dynasty#Northern_Song.2C_959.E2.80.931126  

"The reforms created political factions in the court. Wang Anshi's "New Policies Group" (Xin Fa), also known as the "Reformers", were opposed by the ministers in the "Conservative" faction led by the historian and Chancellor Sima Guang (1019–1086).[24] As one faction supplanted another in the majority position of the court ministers, it would demote rival officials and exile them to govern remote frontier regions of the empire.[23] One of the prominent victims of the political rivalry, the famous poet and statesman Su Shi (1037–1101), was jailed and eventually exiled for criticizing Wang's reforms.[23] While the central Song court remained politically divided and focused upon its internal affairs, alarming new events to the north in the Liao state finally came to its attention. The Jurchen, a subject tribe of the Liao, rebelled against them and formed their own state, the Jin dynasty (1115–1234).[25] The Song official Tong Guan (1054–1126) advised Emperor Huizong (1100–1125) to form an alliance with the Jurchens, and the joint military campaign under this Alliance Conducted at Sea toppled and completely conquered the Liao dynasty by 1125."



From the section "Decline and Fall of the Ming Dynasty" "In the beginning of his reign, Wanli surrounded himself with able advisors and made a conscientious effort to handle state affairs. His Grand Secretary Zhang Juzheng (1572???82) built up an effective network of alliances with senior officials. However, there was no one after him skilled enough to maintain the stability of these alliances;[56] officials soon banded together in opposing political factions. Over time Wanli grew tired of court affairs and frequent political quarreling amongst his ministers, preferring to stay behind the walls of the Forbidden City and out of his officials' sight.[57] Scholar-officials lost prominence in administration as eunuchs became intermediaries between the aloof emperor and his officials; any senior official who wanted to discuss state matters had to persuade powerful eunuchs with a bribe simply to have his demands or message relayed to the emperor.[58]"
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